COMMUNICATION AND LANGUAGE.

 INTRODUCTION:

      Why do we need language?To communicate or convey information to each other.Right ?Now,what do we do when there is a situation where ‘spoken language’ cannot be used?We deliver information using other 'signals'.Similarly, the deaf and the dumb speak a different language.So there is a special language for those who can understand computers or electronic devices.So, let us learn about 'other languages' besides 'spoken language'.

WRITTEN LANGUAGE :

      The spoken language of the script only lasts for a short time.You can't 'hear' spoken words and sentences again after a moment.But often when all these things need to be‘preserved’ for a long time or conveyed to a large number of people,the ‘spoken word’ of the language has to be changed to a ‘visible’ form.Different languages ​​as well as different scripts have been created for this.  

    THE BRAHMI SCRIPT:

  Dates back to the time of the Indus Valley Civilization.The script that was used in South and Central Asia from about the fifth century B.C.is called Brahmi.The inscriptions of  Ashoka are engraved in Brahmi.In this script,a character must have a vowel at end,if there  a consonant, that can be one or more. If the vowel is comes alone, the whole vowel is written and if it comes with a consonant,the vowel is shown only by signs or quantities.

   DEVANAGARI SCRIPT :

   Devanagari script is used to write Hindi,Marathi,Sanskrit,Konkani and Sindhi languages.The Devanagari script has thus come out of the Brahmi script and the Gujarati script has been formed by making some changes in it.Similar to Brahmi script,in Gujarati and Devanagari script,pulse has one or more dvans in a diet and a vowel is attached to it.If the vowel is a kalo then the whole vowel is written and if it comes with a consonant then the vowel is shown only by signs or quantities.In the Devanagari script, each Aar has a Maa or Kho'line.

 ROMAN SCRIPT:

   The script we use to write the English language is the Roman script.Apart from English,French,Portuguese,Spanish, Dutch etc.are used to write European languages.Also adopted the Roman script.E.g,Swahili, Malay, Tagalog, Vietnamese etc. In India, the Manipuri language is  written in Roman script also,Konkani language was also written in Roman script earlier.

BRAILLE SCRIPT:

What to do if you want to write Braille to people who can't see or see less Louis Braille,a French educator, discovered a script that could be read by touch,not by sight.In this script,two rows of three dots i.e.six dots are indicated by different letters from the dots made in different places.In Braille,the writer draws for each letter according to the dots and the reader identifies by hand which letter the dot is indicated.The picture below shows the English letters in Braille.

DOT-DASH TELEGRAPHIC SCRIPT- MORSE CODE:

    Telegraph service was recently discontinued in India.Do you know what telegraphic service is?A telegraph machine is used for fast delivery,where a small device can be sent in the form of a dot and dash,where the news is to be sent.Everyone changes each letter to a dot and dash sign and sends the signal from the post office to one end accordingly. immediately the postman goes to the person's house and gives this 'mail' so that the news is received immediately.

SIGN LANGUAGE FOR THE DEAF AND DUMB:

      The language spoken by the sign language is spoken by one person and the other listens,while the other speaks and the first listens.But how can deaf people and dumb people talk?We also communicate by gesturing if we don't want to use our ears and mouth,but most of the conversations are about actions that we can show or things that are in front of our eyes.Second,the signal is easy for everyone to understand.For example,pointing the thumb upwards means 'all the best' or 'win',pointing down means 'lost'etc.But have you seen the dumb deaf?They talk for two hours straight, in the same way they talk with hand gestures.But you don't understand anything about it.Right ?In this language various meanings are expressed by hand,fingers of hand,direction of sign,distance from body of hand,facial expressions etc.